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James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States and the second U.S. President to be assassinated (Abraham Lincoln was the first). Garfield had the second shortest presidency in U.S. history, after William Henry Harrison's. Holding office from March 5 to September 19, 1881, President Garfield was in office for a total of six months and fifteen days.